Principal Characteristics of Common Field Artillery Pieces

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SMOOTHBORE ARTILLERY
Field Artillery Piece	Bore diameter (inches)	Material	Length of tube (inches)	Weight of tube (pounds)	Weight of projectile (pounds)	Weight of charge (pounds)	Muzzle velocity (ft./sec.)	Range at 5° elevation (yards)
M1841 6-pdr. Gun .	3.67	Bronze	60.0	884	6.10	1.25	1,439	1,523
M1841 12-pdr. Gun .	4.62	Bronze	78.0	1,757	12.30	2.50	1,486	1,663
M1841 12-pdr. Howitzer	4.62	Bronze	53.0	788	*8.90	1.00	1,054	1,072
M1841 24-pdr. Howitzer	5.82	Bronze	64.0	1,318	*18.40	2.00	1,060	1,322
M1841 32-pdr. Howitzer	6.40	Bronze	75.0	1,920	*25.60	2.50	1,100	1,504
M1841 12-pdr. Mountain Howitzer	4.62	Bronze	32.9	220	*8.90	0.50	650	900
M1857 12-pdr. Napoleon .	4.62	Bronze	66.0	1,227	12.30	2.50	1,440	1,619

RIFLED ARTILLERY
Field Artillery Piece	Bore diameter (inches)	Material	Length of tube (inches)	Weight of tube (pounds)	Weight of projectile (pounds)	Weight of charge (pounds)	Muzzle velocity (ft./sec.)	Range at 5° elevation (yards)
M1861 10-pdr. Parrott Rifle	**2.90	Cast Iron	74.0	890	9.50	1.00	1,230	1,850
M1862 20-pdr. Parrott Rifle	3.67	Cast Iron	84.0	1,750	20.00	2.00	1,250	1,900
M1861 3-inch Ordnance Rifle	3.00	Wrought Iron	69.0	820	9.50	1.00	1,230	1,830
M1861 14-pdr. James Rifle	3.67	Bronze	60.0	875	12.00	.75	1,000	1,700
M1861 24-pdr. James Rifle	4.62	Bronze	78.0	1,750	24.00	1.50	1,000	1,800
M1861 12-pdr. Blakely Rifle	3.40	Steel	59.0	800	10.00	1.00	1,250	1,850
6-pdr. Whitworth Breechloading Rifle	2.15	Steel	70.0	700	6.00	1.00	1,550	2,750
12-pdr. Whitworth Breechloading Rifle	2.75	Steel	104.0	1,092	12.00	1.75	1,500	2,800
12-pdr. Whitworth Muzzleloading Rifle	2.75	Steel	84.0	1,000	12.00	2.00	1,600	3,000
6-pdr. Wiard Rifle .	2.56	Steel	56.0	600	6.00	0.60	1,300	1,800
10-pdr. Wiard Rifle .	3.00	Steel	58.0	790	10.00	1.00	1,230	1,850
3-inch Armstrong Muzzleloading Rifle	3.00	Steel	76.0	996	12.00	1.25	1,350	2,200
3-inch Armstrong Breechloading Rifle	3.00	Steel	83.0	918	12.00	1.25	1,300	2,100

* Weight of shell. ** The M1861 Parrott had a 2.90 inch bore diameter, the M1863 Parrott had a 3.00 inch bore diameter.